INTRODUCTION
The
term artificial intelligence was first coined a decades ago in the year 1956 by
John McCarty at the Dart mouth
conference he defined artificial intelligence as the science and engineering of
making intelligent machines in a sense ,AI is a technique of getting machines
to work and behave like humans in the recent past AI has been able to accomplish
this by creating machines and robots that are being used in a wide range of
fields including health care ,robotics marketing, business analytics and many
more ,however many AI applications are not perceived as AI because we often
tend to think of artificial intelligence as robots doing our daily course but
the truth is artificial intelligence has found it’s way into our daily lives it
has become so general that we don't realize we use it all the time for instance.
Have you ever wondered how Google is able to give you such accurate search
results or how your Facebook feed always gives you content based on your
interest the answer to these questions is artificial intelligence.
Now
before I go any further let me clear a very common misconception people often
tend to think that artificial intelligence machine learning and deep learning
are the same since they have common applications for example Siri is an
application of AI machine learning , and the so how are these technologies
deleted artificial intelligence is the science of getting machines to mimic the
behavior of humans machine learning is a subset of AI that focuses on getting machines
to make decisions by feeding them data on the other hand deep learning is a
subset of machine learning that uses the concept of neural networks to solve
complex problems ,so to sum it up artificial intelligence machine learning and
deep learning are interconnected fields machine learning and deep learning
needs artificial intelligence by providing a set of algorithms and neural
networks to solve data-driven problems however AI is not restricted to only
machine learning and deep learning it covers a vast domain of fields including
natural language processing object detection computer vision robotics expert
systems and so on now artificial intelligence can be structured along three
evolutionary stages.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
1)Artificial Narrow Intelligence
2)Artificial General Intelligence
3)Artificial Super Intelligence
Artificial Narrow Intelligence
Which is also known as weak AI involves applying artificial intelligence only to specific tasks now many currently existing systems that claim to use artificial intelligence are operating as a weak AI focused on a narrowly defined specific problem now Alexa is a very good example of narrow intelligence it operates within a limited pre-defined range of functions there is no genuine intelligence or no self-awareness despite being a sophisticated example of weak AI other -examples of weak AI include the face verification that you see in your iPhone ,the auto pilot feature at Tesla ,the social humanoid (Sophia) which is built at Hanson robotics and, finally we have Google Maps all of these applications are based on weak AI or artificial narrow intelligence now let'stake a look at.
Artificial General Intelligence
Artificial
general intelligence is also known as strong AI it involves machines that
possess the ability to perform any intellectual task that a human being can,
you see machines don't possess human-like abilities we have a strong processing
unit that can perform high-level computations but they are not yet capable of
thinking and reasoning like a human there are many experts who doubt that artificial
general intelligence will ever be possible and there are also many who question
whether it should be desirable, I am sure all of you have heard of Stephen
Hawking's warned us that “Strong AI
would take off on its own and re-design itself at an ever-increasing rate.Humans,
who are limited by slow biological evolution couldn't compete and would be
superseded”.
Artificial Super Intelligence
This
is a term that refers to the time when the capabilities of computers will
surpass human beings artificial super intelligence is presently seen as a hypothetical
situation as depicted in movies and science-fiction books where machines will
take over the world ,however tech master minds like Elon Musk believe that
artificial super intelligence will take over the world by the year 2040 now
that you know the different types of artificial intelligence.
let's
take a look at how a AI is used in the real world from spotting an eat planet
solar system which is 2,500 light-years away to composing sonnets and poems the
applications of AI have covered all possible domains in the market in the
finance sector JP Morgan's chase contract intelligent platform uses artificial intelligence
machine learning and image recognition software to analyze legal documents and
extract important data points and clauses in a matter of second snow manually
reviewing 12,000 agreements takes over $36,000 ,but AI was able to do this in a
matter of seconds coming to health care .
IBM
IBM
is one of the pioneers that has developed AI software perfectly for medicine
more than 230 healthcare organizations worldwide use IBM Watson technology in
2016 IBM Watson AI technology was able to cross-reference 20 million on cology records
and correctly diagnose a rare leukemia condition in a patient coming to the
next application
GOOGLE AI
google's
AI eye doctor is another initiative taken by google where they are working with
an Indian ikea chain to develop a AI system which can examine retina scans and identify
a condition called diabetic retinopathy which causes blindness coming to social
media platforms like Facebook artificial intelligence is used for face
verification where in machine learning and deep learning concepts are used to
detect facial features and tag your friends, another such example is Twitter's
AI which is being used to identify hate speech and terroristic languages in
tweets it makes use of machine learning, deep learning and natural language
processing to filter out offensive content, the company discovered and banned
three hundred thousand terrorist linked accounts ninety-five percent of which
were found by non-human artificially intelligent machines the Google predictive
search is one of the most famous AI applications when you begin typing a search
term and Google makes recommendations for you to choose from that is AI in action predictive searches are based on
data that Google collects about you such as your location your age and other personal
details by using AI the search engine attempts to guess what you might be
trying to find.
VIRTUAL ASSISTANT
Virtual
assistants like Siri, Alexa and Cortana are examples of artificial intelligence
a newly released google’s virtual assistant called Google duplex as astonished
millions of people not only it respond to calls and book appointments for you ,it
adds a human touch ,now another famous application of artificial intelligence is
SELF DRIVING CARS
Self-driving
cars AI implements computer vision image detection and deep learning to build cars
that can automatically detect objects and drive around without human intervention
,Elon Musk talks a ton about how AI is implemented in Tesla's self-driving cars
and autopilot feature he quoted that Tesla will have fully self-driving cars
ready by the end of the year and a Robo taxi version, one that can ferry
passengers without any one behind the wheel so I can go on and on about the
various AI applications since the emergence of AI in 1950s we have seen an
exponential growth in it’s potential.
AI
covers domains such as machine learning ,deep learning neural networks natural
language processing knowledge base export systems and so on it has also made
its way into computer vision and image processing as AI is branching out into
every aspect of our lives is it possible that one day AI Imight take over our
lives and if it is possible, how long will this take ,well it may be sooner
than you think it is estimated that AI will take over the world within the next
thirty years by then I hope we develop some sort of teleportation machine that
helps use scape our very own creation.
DOMAINS OF AI
1)MACHINE LEARNING
Machine
learning is basically the science of getting machines to interpretive, process
and analyse data to solve real world problem.
2)DEEP LEARNING
Deep
learning is the process of implementing neural networks on high dimensional data
to gain inside and forms solutions it is basically behind virtual assistance.
3)NATURAL LEARNING PROCESSING
Natural
learning processing refers to the science of drawing inside from natural human
language in order to communicate machine and broke business.
4)ROBOTICS
Robotics
is the branch of artificial intelligence which focuses on different branches and
application of robots AI robots are artificial agent which act in the real world
environment to produce result.
5)FUZZY LOGIC
Fuzzy
logic is a computing a broach that is based on the principal of degree of truth
instead of the usual modern logic that we use . Fuzzy logic is used in medical
field to solve complex problem which involve decision making.
6)EXPERT SYSTEMS
Expert
system is an AI based computer system that learn and reciprocate the decision
making ability of an human expert.Expert system use IF THEN logic in order to
solve problems.
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